C++

C++ is programming language created in 1985 by Bjarne Stroustrup.

The C++ precedessor is "C with Classes", which is an extension of the C programming language create by Bjarne Stroustup in 1979.

"C with Classes" introduced object-oriented programming (OOP).
"C with Classes maintained the efficiency of C.

Reason for creation of C++

To make the programming more easy without the usage or assembler or C or other programming languages.

Advantages

powerful
high-performance
combines the efficiency of low-level programming with the flexibility of high-level abstractions.

Versions

C++ has undergone several revisions, with major updates in C++98, C++11, C++14, C++17, C++20, and C++23, each bringing new features and improvements.

Programming paradigms supported by C++

Procedural - emphasizes algorithms, for big projects
Object-oriented - emphasizes data, for big projects
Generic - emphasizes algorithms, for small tasks like sorting or linked lists
Functional

Key Features of C++

C++ offers a wide range of features that make it suitable for various applications:

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Supports classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation.
Templates & Generic Programming: Enables code reusability through function and class templates.
Memory Management: Provides both automatic and manual memory control via new, delete, and smart pointers.
Standard Template Library (STL): Includes data structures, algorithms, and iterators for efficient programming.
Multithreading Support: Offers thread management features for concurrent programming.
Low-Level Manipulation: Allows direct interaction with hardware, making it suitable for system-level programming.
High Performance: Optimized for speed and resource management, making it ideal for performance-critical applications.

Common Applications of C++

Game Development: Used in game engines like Unreal Engine.
Operating Systems: Many operating systems, including parts of Windows and Linux, are built with C++.
Embedded Systems: Used in automotive software, IoT devices, and real-time systems.
Finance & Trading Systems: High-frequency trading platforms rely on C++ for low-latency execution.
Scientific Computing: Used in applications like MATLAB, CERN software, and physics simulations.

Modern C++ and Future Trends

Modern C++ focuses on improving developer productivity while maintaining backward compatibility. Recent updates have introduced concepts, coroutines, modules, and ranges to simplify development. The future of C++ is expected to bring better safety, concurrency, and performance enhancements, keeping it relevant for decades to come.

Conclusion

C++ remains one of the most powerful and versatile programming languages.

Whether you're developing high-performance applications, working on system-level programming, or building scalable software, C++ provides the tools and flexibility needed for success.